Nationalism and Monarchism in Nepal Two side of a Golden Coin .- Critical Analysis of the people of Nepal
By UttamKarmacharya
Chairman , Auspicious 79th Birthday Celebration Civil Society of Central Committee 2082
Dear Respectable Radheshyam Thapa
Hardic Namaskar
First of all, I wish to express my heartfelt obligation to you for informing the conformation of the nomination and selection of the Chairperson of the Auspicious 79th Birthday Celebration Civil Society of Central Commiittee of His Majesty King GyanendraBirBiKramShahaDev 2082
It was quiet surpising to me . I was so lucky to became the chairperson of His Mejesty’s auspicious 79th Birthday birth this year 2082 . I wish to express my long left and heartfelt obligation to all those respectable Nationalist and Monarchist to recommend my name for the post of Chairman of the birthday celebration this year . I felt mysell very lucky and golden opportunity to became familier with the nationalist-public and manarchist people of Nepal
As a chairperson I got golden chance to present Birth day AbhinanadanPatra / congratulatory Messege to His Megessty amid huge gathering in side NirmalNibaasa Kathandu with fanfare celibration with cultural show, Panchakanya and uspiciosSagang offering wishig His Majesty good health and long life .
It was also very nice opportunity to present a special request letter/ BintiPatra to His Majesty the King with special reference to establish New University entitled “The Spiritual and Moral Universityunder the guardenship of His Majesty keeing in mind the suggestion of Respectable MaheshwarJuJu Rajopadhya and supported by Respectable Devraj Adhikari in the welcome program organized by Nationalists led by Shankar Maghaiya, Paruhan Rai and Kapil Khadgi .
Hardic Namasskaar to all of them including Shishirji and co-general Secretary Sudarsonjji for their continuous efforts to visit Bhaktapur and supporting me where and wheen needed . I am equally grateful and thankful to Mohan Krishna Matangulu, Tulsi Suwal , Arjun Thapa , Shivaram Lohala, Pushpa Narayan Shrestha, Ananta Dhaubhadel, Narayan Pd . Swongamikha, Neel Narayan Koju, Suresh Bajracharya, Indira Karmacharya and other team members of Baashuri Baaja and Poojaa team members for their ever ready help and cooperation to make the morning program a great success inside Nirmal Nibasa .
1 .Shaha Dynasty .
In 1743, Prithvi Narayan Shah became the ruler of Gorkha . He declared war on other principalities, defeating them one by one . In September 1768, he established the unified kingdom of Gorkha . He became the first king of the unified kingdom . He, his sons and their successors continued fighting and defeating other kingdoms and enlarging the kingdom of Gorkha .The Shah kings continued to rule as absolute monarchs until 1846, when the political order changed from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy .
2 .Hereditary prime ministers (1846–1951)
In 1846, the Rana dynasty gained power in Nepal . The Ranas became prime ministers and reduced the King’s status to a figurehead position . The Ranas ruled Nepal as hereditary prime ministers though in the name of the figurehead king . In 1950, the Shah king KingTribhuvan went into exile in India . He and his family, including the crown prince Mahendra, later returned . After India became a secular state in 1950, and the remaining rajas retired, Nepal was the only remaining Hindu kingdom . In 1951, with the help of India, a popular politician common man Matrika Prasad Koirala became the prime minister of Nepal . Tribhuvan returned to Kathmandu . The Shah dynasty regained control and the prime minister, Mohan Shamsher Jang BahadurRana, resigned . King Tribhuvan ruled until 1955 and King Mahendra ruled until 1972 . Mahendra’s son, Birendra, became king .
3 .Constitutional monarchy (1990–2008)
King BirendraBirBikram Shah; the first constitutional monarch of Nepal .
In 1990, under King Birendra, Nepal became a constitutional monarchy after a mass movement from people forced Birendra Shah to restore democracy .]
On 1 June 2001, some members of the Shah dynasty were murdered in the royal palace . A High Commission report concluded that the royal family was slaughtered by Crown Prince Dipendra . This remains controversial . Among the dead were the Crown Prince’s father, King Birendra and his brother, Prince Nirajan . After the attack, Dipendra was in a coma and was declared king for a short time . He died a few days later . GyanendraBirBikram Shah Dev, Dipendra’s uncle, took the throne . In February 2005, he dismissed the parliament in order to govern in his own right .
4 . Abolition of the Shah Monarchy
On 24 December 2007, Nepal’s Provisional Parliament met . It was decided that the monarchy would be abolished in 2008 after the Constituent Assembly elections The motion overwhelming support in the chamber, passing by a 270-vote majority . Of the 329 sitting members of parliament, only three voted against abolishing the monarchy . It was decided that for the time being, Gyanendra would retain his title and continue residing in the Royal Palace, albeit stripped of all political power and authority .
On 28 May 2008, following scheduled elections, the 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly declared Nepal a Federal Democratic Republic and the monarchy was abolished, removing the Shah dynasty from power . KulBahadurGurung said of the 601 member assembly, 560 voted in favour, 4 were against and 37 were absent or abstained . Following an Assembly agreement involving the Nepali Congress and both Nepalese Communist parties, (the Leninists and the much larger Maoist faction), Gyanendra stepped down . Gyanendra vacated the palace in Kathmandu which later became a museum . Until they could find permanent accommodation, the royal couple were offered residence as commoners at the Nagarjuna Palace, a former royal summer residence . The Nagarjuna palace lies in forested hills about eight kilometres (five miles) northwest of Kathmandu .
5 . His Magesty the King Gyanendra
Gyanendra Shahborn 7 July 1947) is the final monarch of Nepal, ruled from 2001 until 2008, when the monarchy was overthrown . He briefly held the throne as a child between 1950 and 1951, when his grandfather Tribhuvan and his family fled to India for political reasons . His second reign, which began following the 2001 Nepalese royal massacre, was characterised by constitutional upheaval .
His brother, King Birendra, established a constitutional monarchy and delegated policy to a representative government . During Gyanendra’s reign, the growing insurgency of the Nepalese Civil War disrupted representative elections . Following several election delays, Gyanendra suspended the constitution and assumed direct authority in February 2005, claiming that it was a temporary measure to suppress the Maoist insurgency after civil governments failed to do so . In April 2006, despite widespread opposition, he restored Nepal’s previous parliament . He was deposed two years later by the first session of the C A, which declared the country the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal and ended the 240-year-old Shah dynasty .
6 . Early life and first reign
Gyanendra was born on 7 July 1947 in the old Narayanhiti Royal Palace in Kathmandu, as the second son of Crown Prince Mahendra and his first wife, Crown Princess Indra . After his birth, his father was told by a court astrologer not to look at his newborn son because it would bring him bad luck, so Gyanendra was sent to live with his grandmother .
In November 1950, during a political plot, both his father and his grandfather King Tribhuvan, along with other royals, fled to India, leaving the infant Prince Gyanendra as the only male member of the royal family in Nepal . He was brought back to the capital Kathmandu by Prime Minister Mohan Shamsher, who had him declared king on 7 November 1950 . Not only was Gyanendra crowned, but coins were issued in his name . The Rana prime minister provided a 300,000 rupee annual budget as expenditure for the king . After opposition to the hereditary rule of the Rana prime ministers from India, a deal was reached in January 1951, and Gyanendra’s grandfather King Tribhuvan returned to Nepal and resumed the throne . The actions of the Rana regime to depose his grandfather and place Gyanendra on the throne were internationally not recognized .
Gyanendra studied with his elder brother King Birendra at St . Joseph’s School, Darjeeling, India; in 1969, he graduated from Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu . He served as the chairman of the Advisory Committee for the Coronation of his brother King Birendra in 1975 . He is a keen conservationist and served as chairman of the King Mahendra Trust for Nature Conservation (later known as the National Trust for Nature Conservation) from 1982 until his reaccession to the throne in 2001 .
Gyanendra married his second cousin KomalRajyaLakhsmi Devi on 1 May 1970 in Kathmandu . They have two children: Prince ParasBirBikram Shah Dev (born on 30 December 1971) . Princess PreranaRajya Lakshmi Devi Singh (born on 20 February 1978) .
Gyanendra again assumed the throne after many other royal family members, including King Birendra, were assassinated on 1 June 2001 by Gyanendra’s nephew Crown Prince Dipendra, who was titular king for a brief period before succumbing to a self-inflicted gunshot wound . These events and the ensuing investigation proved very controversial . A two-man investigation team appointed by Gyanendra and made up of Keshav Prasad Upadhyaya, then-Supreme Court Chief Justice, and TaranathRanabhat, then-Speaker of the House of Representatives, carried out a week-long investigation . After interviewing more than 100 people—including eyewitnesses, palace officials, guards, and staff—they concluded that Dipendra had indeed carried out the massacre, but they drew no further conclusions .]As his nephew lay in a coma, Prince Gyanendra was named regent; but after King Dipendra’s death on 4 June 2001, Gyanendra resumed the throne .
7 . 79 Auspicious Birthday National Civil Society Celebration Committee 2082 .
Mr . Shakar Maghiya was kind enough to visit me regarding the request invitation to be the chief guest on behalf of National Political Awareness Campaign ( RatriyaRajnaiticJagaranAbhiyan ) some weeks back . I know him very well and used to visit me time to time to share the National Weekly SwatantraSancharyagramspecially with the news and article of National Festive Time Reform Society of Nepal and related articles of Mr . MaheshworJuju and himself with especial reference to National Political Awareness Campaign related news and articles . Going through several issues of National Weekly SwatantraSancharyagram I felt myself enriched on of National Political Awareness Campaign and National Festive Time Reform Society of Nepal .We appreciate him very much for the important role he played for the promotion of Nationalization and patriotism . As I know he did a wonderful job as a coordinator of to organize a national program to felicitate the ten writers of book recently published ( 2076/ 2019 entitled My Greater Nepal edited by Mr . RajanKarki . It was a remarkable and exemplary Ceremony conducted by himself as a master of the ceremony . He came to me to offer invitation letter signed by Mr . ParuhangKuthumeRai VP of the National Political Awareness Campaign with Mr . Maheshwor Juju and Active member Mr . Krishna LallShrestha . Thank you so much Mr . Shaker Maghiya for your consideration and honor .
To understand more about the Nationalism and Monarchism in Nepal , we have to study very seriously following documents :
1 . Mr . RajanKarki - Senior journalist; Editor of Gorkha Express; writer of different books; Editor of the book My greater Nepal ; and Matobadi
2 . Mr . Bharat Dahal - Nationalist; Thinker for promote nationalism;
3 . Mr . PremsagarPoudel – Chairperson Dafe TV; active social thinker .
4 . Mr . Buddhi Narayan Shrestha – Boundary expert; nationalist ; writers of several books; and interviewee of several TVs of Nepal
5 . Mr . NarendraPdUpadhyaya- Editor of Telegraph; senior journalist; patriotic/ nationalist; political and thinker/ analyst .
6 . Prof .Dr . ShastraDattaPanta (SD Panta ) - writers and nationalist
7 . Mr . RatnaSansarShrestha, FCA - former administrator; hydrologist; social reformer; and political analyst
8 . Mr . Dirgh Raj Prasai – Farmer administrator; profounder of Hinduism/ monarchy; nationalist and social reformer
9 . Mr . Basanta Khadka – young social catalyst ; young journalist; involved in many civil societies / newspaper; creator of youth voices .
10 . Mr . SadhyaBdr . Bhandari –revolutionist of citizenship issues; Nepal nationalist; motivator of sustainability of Nepal traditional values .
3 .Special Awardees
Analysts dual of My Greater Nepal former General high level military/ nationalist; thinker social reformer; Dr . PremsinghBasnet and Historian strong Nationalist ;popular socio-political analyst prof . Dr . Surendra KC and the publisher of the book The greater Nepal ; managing committee member of RatnaSagar publication ; expertise of collection and reading books ; nationalist; social reformer; and mobilizer of social conscience/ consensus Mr . Mohan Bdr . KC were also felicitated with regards / honor and certificate of appreciation in response to their valuable contributions .
Major impressions
1 . Aforesaid ten write-ups with a preface of Mr . RajanKarki can be considered as a first land mark in the history of Nepal with special ferefence to the political, socio-economic and valuable resources of Nepal being used and under used assest of Nepal because of the unbearable hegemony of India for the last fifty rears and beyond .
2 . The book can be considered as a resource book for all Nepali citizen of Nepal and working in foreign diplo0matic mission specially in China and India and neighboring countries of Nepal .
3 . The can be prescribed as a textbook of for the political science college and university students .
4 . The book can also be considered as a reference book for the national and international border issues of Nepal and Neighboring countries .
5 . The official personnel of the ministry of defense and security shod study this book thoroughly time to time .
6 . The Nepali high level office as the office of the priminiter shroud have orientation program of these ten writes to all parliamentary members and concern personnel for their information and knowledge .
7 . The book will be very useful for having study on international law and international affairs .
8 . The book can be prescribed as a major document for the semina and interaction program of international policy and diplomacy with India and nearby countries . The book should be used as a reference book in the libraries of all ministries especially in the library of parliament and cabinet .
9 . This book should be used as a textbook special the ambassadors of India and China .
10 . The foreign ministers and priministers of Nepal shroud study this book thoroughly time to time .
11 . With the consideration of the important issues and valuable issues of all concerning writers this book should be widely disseminated as soon as possible .
12 . For these purpose, there is an urgent need of publishing this book in Nepali version for wider use and dissemination .
To sum up and conclude this write up, the writer wishes to congratulate all respectable distinguished Writers of different walks of life for their valuable contribution for the promotional issues of The Greater Nepal in different issues in the days to come . All Nepali People are very interested to go through this valuable book in Nepali version as soon as possible
Since then I have become regular readerof the books on Nationalism and Diplomatic Relation .
8 . Major iist of documents of Nationalism and Monarchism in Nepal .They are :
1 . Our Nepal Greater Nepal published by RastriyaSamaajaSudhaar 2059
2 . History of Nepal SLC course book before New Education System Plan 1972 (NESP)
3 . The Greater Nepal book edited by Senior National Journalist (Patrakar) Respectable RajanKarki of Gorkha Express weekly
4 . Nepal Parichaya syllabus / book implemented after NESP
5 . SahidSramiteeGrantha published from SahidaChiniyaLaalaShrestha and UshasingSamriti Academy 2023
6 . The constitution of Nepal 2009; 2017; 2047 and 2072
7 . Indian independence Day and Nepal Democracy day 2007 BS
8 . HM The King Mahendra and Rotary International Nepal Kathmandu
9 . Peace Proposal of Nepal initiated by late HM King Birendra
10 . 72 features of Nepal in the Google net system
11 . Foreign policy of Nepal with reference to the foreign policy of HM the late King Mahendra and Birendra .
12 . National and International Boundary of Nepal books published and written by Buddhi Narayan Shrestha
13 . Amar SahidhaChiniyaLaala Singh published from SahidChiniyaLaala and Usha Singh Memorial Foundation 2074 published in 2076 BS
14 . The King Mahendra and 2017 BS written and published by DigharajPrasai, 2047
15 . Raja MhendraKo Rastraabad by Dr . Shastra Dutta Pant published in 2071 Poush 01
16 . Collection of documentation on Nationalism and Monarchiism from different countries specially from Israel and Monarchical countries and University of Natinalism and its curriculum and different level of test books
17 . Biodta of Late PM Marichman Singh Shrestha
18 . My article on the king is dead , long live the king
19 . The crown and tha King /His Majesty of Nepal
20 . The King can do no wrong for the country .
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( Professor Dr . Uttam Karmacharya )
1 . Director, Dr . Iwamura Memorial Hospital . Bhaktapur
2 . Director, Iwamura College of Health Science .
3 . BOD Nepal Japan Health Care Foundation
4 . Board of Directors/ advisor, Shiddi Memorial Foundation (Children and Women Hospital) Nepal .
5 . Consultant Advisor and Hon’ Principal, Chankaya Educators and Research Center .
6 . Country Director, Nepal Consultant /Adviser Asian desk Legal Office Tokyo Japan .
7 . Coordinator of the DKPS Japanese Project in Nepal;
8 . ADB Consultant and Visiting Professor .
9 . Advisor of the Japan supported Janajyoti School Management
10 . Former advisor of the Banepa and Bhaktapur Municipalities .
11 .Chairman ,Yakheshwor S/C Cooperatives .
12 .Past President, Rotary International, First Rotary Club of Bhaktapur .
13 .Chairman SL Technical College .Bhaktapur Nepal
14 .First Research Consultant and team Leader to Nanjinig University China
15 .BOD/ SMC Jaycees English School, Bhaktapur
16 .Former member of TUFOE Education Subject Committee and Bhaktapur District Education Committee
